This blog will share some quick tips, including Q/A and useful links from Day 3 of our previously launched new Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Architect Associate batch. We have covered 15+ hands-on labs in the course.
In Day 2 session we covered Overview of Networking, Virtual Cloud Network(VCN) Overview, Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR), Routing table, Security list, Oracle Cloud Infrastructure(OCI) Gateways(Internet gateway, NAT Gateway, Service gateway), Local Peering Gateway & Remote Peering Connection, VPN connect & Fast Connect.
And in this Day 3 Live Session, we have continued with Module 4: Compute and covered the following topics.
- Compute Service Overview
- Compute shapes: Bare Metal, Virtual Machine, Dedicated VM Host
- Compute instance
- Connect to Compute instance
- Lifecycle of Compute instance
- Compute Service Images
- Console connection
- OS Management Service(OSMS)
We also covered hands-on Lab 6 out of our 15+ hands-on labs.
So, here are some of the Q/A’s asked during the Live session from Module 4: Compute.
>OCI Compute
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) provides secure and elastic compute capacity in the cloud that ranges from flexible virtual machines (Flex VMs) and high-performance bare metal servers to HPC, GPU, container orchestration, and management.
Check Out: Our blog post on Oracle Support Center.
>Compute Services
The Compute service is a cloud computing fabric controller, which is the main part of an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) system. You can use OpenStack Compute to host and manage cloud computing systems.
There are three main types of cloud computing services, sometimes called the cloud computing stack because they build on top of one another.
Check more on Compute in OCI
>Bare Metal
Bare metal servers enable customers to run high performance, latency-sensitive, specialized, and traditional workloads directly on dedicated server hardware—just as they would on-premises. Bare metal instances are ideal for workloads that need to run in nonvirtualized environments.
>Virtual Machine
VM instance runs on top of Bare Metal hardware. There is a hypervisor on top of Bare Metal server to virtualize it in smaller VMs. VMs are ideal for running applications that do not require the performance and resources (CPU, memory, network bandwidth, storage) of an entire physical machine.
Also Read: Our blog post on OCI Shielded Instances.
>Dedicated VM Host
It is the combination of Bare Metal and Virtual Machine. In this multiple VMs are running on Bare Metal and the whole server is dedicated to a single host. Till now Autoscaling & Instance pool is not supported in these instances.
Also Check: Our blog post on oci tenancy.
>Compute Shapes
Compute Shape is a combination of CPU, Memory, and Local storage. There are several predefined shapes available on oracle cloud Infrastructure.
Q 1: Explain different types of Compute shapes?
A. 1. Standard shapes: These shapes provide a balance of cores, memory, and network resources. Standard shapes are available with Intel or AMD processors. These shapes are used for general workloads.
2) DenseIO shapes: It is used for Big Data, large databases, & high-performance local storage is needed. DenseIO shapes include locally attached NVMe-based SSDs.
3) GPU shapes: Used for hardware-accelerated workloads. GPU shapes include Intel CPUs and NVIDIA graphics processors.
4) High-performance computing (HPC) shapes: Designed for high-performance workloads that require high-frequency processor cores and cluster networking for massively parallel HPC workloads. These shapes are available in only Bare Metal instances.
Note: Oracle has recently introduced a new feature of flexible shape in OCI in which you can design shapes by yourself
To know more about Flexible Compute Shapes in OCI.
>Compute Instance
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Compute lets you provision and manage to compute hosts, known as instances.
Q 2: How to Launch Compute Instance?
Answer. Steps to Launch a Compute instance are:
- Click on the Hamburger menu.
- Click on Compute
- Choose Compartment
- Choose Availability Domain (AD)
- Specify Image Source (O.S.)
- Choose Form Factor (VM/BM) & Shape
- Configure Boot Volume Options
- Add SSH Keys (Linux Only)
- Configure Network: VCN & subnet
Also Check: Our blog post on OCI Fundamentals.
>Connect to Compute instance
For connecting Compute Instance: Open putty.exe in your system
- Enter the following Host Name (or IP Address): Enter opc@Public IP of your instance
- Port: Enter 22
- Connection type: Select SSH
- Select Private Key and add in Auth section
>Lifecycle of Compute instance
- Start: Restart the Stopped instance. After Start, Stop action is enabled
- Stop: Shut down the instance. After power off, Start action is enabled
- Reboot: Shutdown the instance and then restarts it
- Terminate: Permanently delete the instance. vNIC and volumes are auto-detached, boot volume will be deleted but we can preserve it.
>Compute Service Images
Images are used to launch instances in OCI, You specify which image to use when launching an instance. Image determines operating system and other software for an instance
There are six types of images available in OCI.
- Platform Images: Pre-built images for OCI
- Oracle Images: Pre-built enterprise solution running on OCI from Oracle (EBS, JDE etc)
- Partner Images: Trusted third-party images published by Oracle partners
- Custom Images: Created or Imported into OCI by You (like from VMDK)
- Boot Volumes: Boot Volumes for creating a new instance
- Image OCID
>Boot Volume
Boot Volume: Refers to disk volume (block storage) that contains O.S. to start the instance.
When you launch a virtual machine (VM) or bare metal instance based on an Oracle-provided image or custom image, a new boot volume for the instance is created automatically in the same compartment.
Boot volume is associated with that instance until you terminate the instance, When you terminate the instance, you can preserve the boot volume and its data.
Boot volume can be detached (only from the stopped Instance) and attached as block volume to another instance for troubleshooting.
Q 3: What is the difference between Boot Volume & Block Volume?
A: In general, boot volumes serve as the operating system disks for the compute instances, and block volumes as data storage, though boot volumes are also a type of block volumes.
Some differences:
- You don’t need a block volume to start an instance, but you need a boot volume.
- Block volumes can be detached from running instances, boot volumes can’t.
Q 4: What is the difference between Custom Image & Boot volume?
>Instance Console Connection
Console Connection enables remote troubleshooting of malfunctioning instances such as
- An Imported/Customized image that doesn’t boot successfully
- Previously working instance that stops working
There are two types of instance console connections.
- Serial Console Connection
- VCN Console Connection
Once connected using an instance console connection, you can edit the system configuration file and Add or reset SSH keys for opc user.
>OS Management Service(OSMS)
- Service Available from OCI Console
- A lightweight process that manages plugins running on the instance.
- Plugins collect performance metrics, install OS updates, and perform other instance management tasks.
- Agent-based Service for Linux 6,7 or 8 Instances currently
- OS Management enabled by default or install agent via yum
- For Service Operation Agent (osms-agent) must be installed
- Compute + OS Management = Managed Instance
- Enables Package Management – Monitor, Search, Add, Remove, Update
- A managed instance can be managed individually or in a group
- Easy Instance grouping for managing – By OS or By Purpose of Instances
- Checking for Exposures to known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
Quiz Time (Sample Exam Questions)!
Quiz Time (Sample Exam Questions)! With our [1Z0-1072] Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Architect Associate training program, we cover 150+ Sample Exam questions to help you prepare for the certification [1Z0-1072].
Check out one of the questions and see if you can crack this…
Ques: When terminating a compute instance, you want to preserve the boot volume and its data. Which step will you need to perform?
A: You cannot preserve the boot volume; it will always be deleted when you terminate the instance.
B. Reboot the instance first and then terminate the instance.
C. Disable the default option to delete the boot volume when terminating an instance.
D. Before terminating the instance, you must detach the boot volume.
The right answer will be revealed in the next blog.
Here is the answer to the question shared last week.
Ques: What is the default behaviour of a Security List?
A: It automatically allows HTTP connections.
B: It uses stateful rules by default.
C: It automatically allows TCP connections over ports 22 and 3389
D: It will explicitly deny SSH connections from unknown IP addresses
Answer: B
Explanation: By Default when rules are created it is stateful and stateless we need to tick the checkbox to make it stateless. Also when the security list is created there are no rules defined in that. Any rule we need to add.
Feedback
We always work on improving and being the best version of ourselves from the previous session hence constantly ask feedback from our attendees.
Here’s the feedback that we received from our trainees who had attended the session…
P.S. Here’s the response that we received from our trainees who had attended the session…
Here, 2108 in the below screenshots represents August 2021.
Related/References
- [Recap] Day 2: Networking Concepts and Overview [Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Architect Associate] [1Z0-1072]
- 1Z0-932 V/S 1Z0-1072: Oracle Cloud Infra Architect Associate Certification
- 1Z0-997 | Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2020 Architect Professional
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