Git is a Distributed Version Control System, and it is one of the most popular version control tools that is being used by 90% of the world’s IT companies.
In this blog, we are going to cover what is a Version Control System, Git Workflow, and the Advantages of using Git.
If you want to know more about DevOps certification please go through our previous blog on [DOFD] DevOps Foundation Certification Exam and everything you need to know about it.
Index:
Git Overview | Version Control System
It is a Distributed Version Control System and hence, it provides all the facilities of a Distributed Version Control System that we are about to discuss.
Version Control System(VCS) is a software that helps developers to work together and maintain a history of their work. You don’t have to maintain multiple copies of code on your computer as Version Control System manages all versions of your code efficiently.
There are two types of Version Control System in DevOps:
- Centralized Version Control System(CVCS)
It uses a central server to store all versions of your code and enables team collaboration. Every developer can copy(check out) a specific version of code on to their computer and then modify it and commit changes to the server.
A major drawback of this approach is its single point of failure, that is, the central server. - Distributed Version Control System(DVCS)
In this, every developer has a local copy of the main repository on their computer so if the server goes down then the repository from any client can be copied back to the server and restored.
Every checkout is a full backup of the repository.
Git Workflow
Git has a 3 layered workflow and these layers describe the different states that your files can reside in.
- Working directory: This is your local machine.
- Staging area or Index: This is an intermediate saving area.
- Git repository: This is your Git repository or central server.
How Basic Git Workflow Works?
- The working directory is where all your files are present, where you make changes in your files.
- The staging area is an intermediate layer where you stage those changes that you want to be part of your next commit, so you add only those changes to the staging area.
- Once you commit, it takes these files from the staging area and stores them permanently to the Git repository.
Advantages of Git
- Free and open-source: No need to purchase and can be used anywhere.
- Fast and small: No need to connect to the central server. All the operations can be performed on the local copy stored on the developer machine making it really fast.
- Implicit backup: Every checkout is a full backup of the repository, hence multiple copies are available.
- Security: Git uses SHA1 algorithm to secure the data stored within the repository.
- Easy branching: Git branches are easy and cheap to merge. Every small change to your code creates a new branch.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why should I use Git for version control?
It offers a structured way to manage code changes, allowing you to track modifications, collaborate seamlessly, and easily revert to previous versions when needed.
How do I create a Git repository?
You can create a repository by navigating to your project directory in the terminal and running the command: git init.
What is a commit?
A commit in Git represents a snapshot of changes made to the codebase. It includes a message describing the changes and provides a way to track the project's history.
What is a pull request?
A pull request (PR) is a feature primarily used in platforms like GitHub to propose changes from one branch to another. It allows for code review and discussion before merging.
Can Git work offline?
Yes, It allows you to work offline since all the code and history are stored locally. You can commit changes and sync with remote repositories when you're back online.
How do I push my code to a remote repository?
Use the command: git push remote-name branch-name to push your local changes to the remote repository.
Is Git only for developers?
It is commonly used by developers, its benefits extend to anyone working on collaborative projects, including designers, writers, and project managers.
Related/References
- What Is DevOps | DevOps Principles | Advantages Of DevOps | Why DevOps?
- CI/CD Pipeline | Continuous Integration | Continuous Deployment
- [DOFD] DevOps Foundation Certification Exam: Everything You Need To Know
- [AZ-400] Microsoft Azure DevOps Certification Exam: Everything You Need To Know
- Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) Certification Exam: Everything You Must Know
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